Quantum error-correcting code (QECC)
Description
Protection
Denoting Hilbert spaces by the letter \(\mathsf{H}\), a quantum code \((U,\cal{E})\) is a partial isometry \(U:\mathsf{H}_{\text{logical}}\to\mathsf{H}_{\text{physical}}\) with a set of correctable errors \(\cal{E}\) with the following property: there exists a quantum operation \(\cal{D}\) such that for all \(E\in\cal{E}\) and states \(|\psi\rangle\in\mathsf{H}_{\text{logical}}\), \begin{align} {\cal D} (EU|\psi\rangle\langle\psi|U^{\dagger}E^{\dagger})=c(E,|\psi\rangle)|\psi\rangle\langle\psi| \end{align} for some constant \(c\).
Equivalently, correction capability is determined by of the quantum error-correction conditions [1][2], which may admit infinite terms due to non-normalizability of ideal code states. A code that satisfies these conditions approximately, i.e., up to some small quantifiable error, is called an approximate code.
Parent
Children
Cousins
- Entanglement-assisted (EA) QECC — Entanglement-assisted QECCs are QECCs utilizing pre-shared entanglement.
- Subsystem quantum error-correcting code — A subsystem code reduces to an ordinary error-correcting code when the gauge subsystem is trivial, \(\mathsf{B} = \mathbb{C}\). Conversely, any QECC with a tensor-product logical subspace can be turned into a subsystem code by treating a logical tensor factor as a gauge subsystem.
Zoo code information
References
- [1]
- E. Knill, R. Laflamme, and L. Viola, “Theory of Quantum Error Correction for General Noise”, Physical Review Letters 84, 2525 (2000). DOI; quant-ph/9604034
- [2]
- C. H. Bennett et al., “Mixed-state entanglement and quantum error correction”, Physical Review A 54, 3824 (1996). DOI; quant-ph/9604024
Cite as:
“Quantum error-correcting code (QECC)”, The Error Correction Zoo (V. V. Albert & P. Faist, eds.), 2022. https://errorcorrectionzoo.org/c/qecc
Github: https://github.com/errorcorrectionzoo/eczoo_data/tree/main/codes/quantum/qecc.yml.