Here is a list of color codes, with or without defects.
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| 2D color code | Color code defined on a two-dimensional planar graph. Each face hosts two stabilizer generators, a Pauli-\(X\) and a Pauli-\(Z\) string acting on all the qubits of the face. |
| 3D color code | Color code defined on a four-valent, four-colorable 3-colex in a 3-manifold. In the original colex realization, qubits sit on vertices, \(X\)-type stabilizers are attached to 3-cells, and \(Z\)-type stabilizers are attached to faces [1]. |
| Ball code | A distance-two color code defined on a colorable \(D\)-ball, equivalently on a \(D\)-colex with boundary [2; Appx. A]. In the morphing construction of Ref. [2], ball codes arise as the child codes associated with the morphed ball-like regions. This family includes hypercube codes (defined on balls constructed from hyperoctahedra) and 3D ball codes (defined on duals of certain Archimedean solids). |
| Color code | Member of a family of qubit CSS codes defined on particular \(D\)-dimensional graphs. |
| Cubic honeycomb color code | 3D color code defined on a four-colorable bitruncated cubic honeycomb uniform tiling. |
| Honeycomb (6.6.6) color code | 2D color code defined on a (typically triangular) patch of the 6.6.6 (honeycomb) tiling. The usual triangular patch has three differently colored boundaries, encodes one logical qubit, and is local-Clifford equivalent to a folded surface/toric code with two smooth and two rough boundaries [3]. |
| Hyperbolic color code | An extension of the color code construction to hyperbolic manifolds. As opposed to there being only three types of uniform three-valent and three-colorable lattice tilings in the 2D Euclidean plane, there is an infinite number of admissible hyperbolic tilings in the 2D hyperbolic plane [4]. Certain double covers of hyperbolic tilings also yield admissible tilings [5]. Other admissible hyperbolic tilings can be obtained via a fattening procedure [1]; see also a construction based on the more general quantum pin codes [6]. |
| Quasi-hyperbolic color code | An extension of the color code construction to quasi-hyperbolic 3-manifolds, e.g., a product of a 2D hyperbolic surface and a circle. |
| Square-octagon (4.8.8) color code | 2D color code defined on a patch of the 4.8.8 (square-octagon) tiling, which itself is obtained by applying a fattening procedure to the square lattice [1]. An equivalent description uses the Tetrakis square tiling (a.k.a. the Union Jack lattice), which is dual to the 4.8.8 lattice [7]. Among the three semiregular triangular 2D color-code families, the 4.8.8 family uses the fewest physical qubits for a given distance and is the only one of the three with transversal implementations of the full Clifford group [8]. |
| Stellated color code | A non-CSS color-code family on a lattice patch with a single central puncture that hosts a twist defect connected to the boundary by a domain wall. |
| Tetrahedral color code | A 3D color code defined on a colored tetrahedron cut from a suitably colored BCC lattice [9]. Qubits are placed on tetrahedra, on the triangles covering the tetrahedron faces, on the edges along the tetrahedron edges, and on the tetrahedron vertices. The code has both string-like and sheet-like logical operators [10]. |
| Truncated trihexagonal (4.6.12) color code | 2D color code defined on a (typically triangular) patch of the 4.6.12 (truncated trihexagonal or square-hexagon-dodecagon) tiling. |
| Twist-defect color code | A non-CSS extension of the 2D color code whose non-CSS stabilizer generators are associated with twist defects of the associated lattice. These twists terminate domain walls that permute color labels, Pauli labels, or interchange the two. |
| XYZ color code | Non-CSS variant of the 6.6.6 color code whose generators are \(XZXZXZ\) and \(ZYZYZY\) Pauli strings associated to each hexagonal in the hexagonal (6.6.6) tiling. A further variation called the domain wall color code admits generators of the form \(XXXZZZ\) and \(ZZZXXX\) [11]. |
| \([[15,1,3]]\) quantum RM code | A \([[15,1,3]]\) quantum Reed-Muller code that is most easily thought of as a tetrahedral 3D color code. |
| \([[16,6,4]]\) Tesseract color code | A (hyperbolic self-dual CSS) 4D color code defined on a tesseract, with stabilizer generators of both types supported on each cube. A \([[16,4,2,4]]\) tesseract subsystem code can be obtained from this code by using two logical qubits as gauge qubits [12]. |
| \([[17,1,5]]\) 4.8.8 color code | Seventeen-qubit doubly even 2D color code that admits a transversal implementation of the logical Clifford group. The smallest distance-five CSS code has \(n=17\) [13]. It is also a normal self-dual CSS code whose transversal Hadamard acts logically, making it suitable as an inner code for fifth-order magic-state distillation [14]. |
| \([[2^D,D,2]]\) hypercube quantum code | Member of a family of codes defined by placing qubits on a \(D\)-dimensional hypercube, \(Z\)-stabilizers on all two-dimensional faces, and an \(X\)-stabilizer on all vertices. These codes realize gates at the \((D-1)\)-st level of the Clifford hierarchy. The measured physical bit string can be post-processed into both a logical output string and stabilizer checks, enabling end-of-circuit error detection directly from classical samples [15]. |
| \([[2^r-1,1,3]]\) simplex code | Member of a color-code family constructed from a punctured first-order RM\((1,m=r)\) code and its even subcode for \(r \geq 3\). Each code transversally implements a diagonal gate at the \((r-1)\)st level of the Clifford hierarchy [16,17]. Each code is a color code defined on a simplex in \(r-1\) dimensions [9,18], where qubits are placed on the vertices, edges, and faces as well as on the simplex itself. |
| \([[2m,2m-2,2]]\) error-detecting code | Self-complementary CSS code for \(m\geq 2\) with generators \(\{XX\cdots X, ZZ\cdots Z\} \) acting on all \(2m\) physical qubits. The code is constructed via the CSS construction from an SPC code and a repetition code [19; Sec. III]. This is the highest-rate distance-two code when an even number of qubits is used [20]. |
| \([[4,1,2]]\) twist-defect code | A four-qubit non-CSS stabilizer code that can be interpreted as the smallest triangular color code with \(x\)-, \(y\)-, and \(z\)-type Pauli boundaries [21; Fig. 7], and equivalently as a small twist-defect surface code on a tetrahedron inscribed in a sphere [22]. It is the only non-CSS qubit stabilizer code with parameters \([[4,1,2]]\) [23; ID 8]. The code admits weight-three stabilizer generators \(\{IXXX,YIYY,ZZZI\}\) and weight-two logical Pauli \(X,Y,Z\) operators. |
| \([[4,2,2]]\) Four-qubit code | A four-qubit hyperbolic self-dual CSS stabilizer code that is the smallest two-logical-qubit stabilizer code to detect a single-qubit error. It is unique for its parameters [24; Thm. 8][23; ID 9]. |
| \([[6,2,2]]\) \(C_6\) code | Error-detecting normal self-dual CSS code on three qubit pairs that encodes a logical qubit pair and detects any error acting on one pair [25]. In Knill’s \(C_4/C_6\) architecture, this code is used at the second and higher concatenation levels. A choice of check operators used in that construction is \(XIIXXX\), \(XXXIIX\), \(ZIIZZZ\), and \(ZZZIIZ\), with logical operators \(X_L = IXXIII\), \(Z_L = IIZZIZ\), \(X_S = XIXXII\), and \(Z_S = IIIZZI\) [25][23; ID 126]. |
| \([[6,4,2]]\) error-detecting code | Error-detecting six-qubit code with rate \(2/3\) whose codewords are cat/GHZ states. A set of stabilizer generators is \(XXXXXX\) and \(ZZZZZZ\). It is the unique code for its parameters, up to equivalence [20; Tab. III]. Concatenations of this code with itself yield the \([[6^r,4^r,2^r]]\) level-\(r\) many-hypercube code [26]. |
| \([[7,1,3]]\) Steane code | A \([[7,1,3]]\) self-dual CSS code that is the smallest qubit CSS code to correct a single-qubit error [27][23; ID 226]. The code is constructed using the classical binary \([7,4,3]\) Hamming code for protecting against both \(X\) and \(Z\) errors. |
| \([[8,2,2]]\) hyperbolic color code | An \([[8,2,2]]\) hyperbolic color code defined on the projective plane. |
| \([[8,3,2]]\) Smallest interesting color code | Smallest 3D color code whose physical qubits lie on vertices of a cube and which admits a (weakly) transversal \(CCZ\) gate. In encoded IQP sampling, the final measurement outcomes determine both the logical sample and stabilizer checks, enabling end-of-circuit error detection or postselected decoding directly from the classical samples [15]. |
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