Description
Encodes a \(q\)-ary digit into a constellation of equally spaced points on the real line. For example, a \(q\)-PAM scheme for \(q=8\) could encode the constellation \(\{ \pm \alpha,\pm 3\alpha,\pm 5\alpha, \pm 7\alpha \}\) with real scaling factor \(\alpha\). The points in the constellation are typically associated with one quadrature of an electromagnetic signal.
Parent
- Quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM) code — PAM codes can be thought of as QAM codes restricted to the real line. A \(q\times q\)-QAM code is informationally equivalent to two \(q\)-PAM codes.
Cousins
- Hyperbolic sphere packing — Hyperbolic PAM constellations may yield improved performance over Euclidean ones [1].
- Binary PSK (BPSK) code — BPSK for real \(\alpha\) is the simplest non-trivial PAM encoding.
References
- [1]
- E. B. Da Silva, R. Palazzo, and S. R. Costa, “Improving the performance of asymmetric M-PAM signal constellations in Euclidean space by embedding them in hyperbolic space”, 1998 Information Theory Workshop (Cat. No.98EX131) DOI
Page edit log
- Victor V. Albert (2022-11-07) — most recent
Cite as:
“Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) code”, The Error Correction Zoo (V. V. Albert & P. Faist, eds.), 2022. https://errorcorrectionzoo.org/c/pam
Github: https://github.com/errorcorrectionzoo/eczoo_data/edit/main/codes/classical/analog/modulation/pam.yml.