Kim-Preskill-Tang (KPT) code[1] 

Description

A quantum error-correcting code that protects the encoded interior of a black hole from computationally bounded exterior observers. Under the assumption that the Hawking radiation emitted by an old black hole is pseudorandom, there exists a subspace of the radiation system that encodes the black hole interior, entangled with the late outgoing Hawking quanta. The logical operators of this code commute with efficient operations acting on the radiation, protecting the interior up to corrections exponentially small in the black hole's entropy.

This code has been tested in various models of gravity [1,2].

Protection

Protection relies on the pseudorandomness of the radiation and the computational hardness of distinguishing the encoded state from a maximally mixed state.

Parents

  • Qubit code
  • Holographic code — The robustness of KPT codes does not rely on arguments from holographic duality, but such codes do aim to describe interiors of black holes.

Cousin

  • SYK code — The Brownian SYK model can be used to demonstrate the complexity-based error-correction of KPT codes [1].

References

[1]
I. Kim, E. Tang, and J. Preskill, “The ghost in the radiation: robust encodings of the black hole interior”, Journal of High Energy Physics 2020, (2020) arXiv:2003.05451 DOI
[2]
V. Balasubramanian, A. Kar, C. Li, and O. Parrikar, “Quantum error correction in the black hole interior”, Journal of High Energy Physics 2023, (2023) arXiv:2203.01961 DOI
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Zoo Code ID: kpt

Cite as:
“Kim-Preskill-Tang (KPT) code”, The Error Correction Zoo (V. V. Albert & P. Faist, eds.), 2024. https://errorcorrectionzoo.org/c/kpt
BibTeX:
@incollection{eczoo_kpt, title={Kim-Preskill-Tang (KPT) code}, booktitle={The Error Correction Zoo}, year={2024}, editor={Albert, Victor V. and Faist, Philippe}, url={https://errorcorrectionzoo.org/c/kpt} }
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Cite as:

“Kim-Preskill-Tang (KPT) code”, The Error Correction Zoo (V. V. Albert & P. Faist, eds.), 2024. https://errorcorrectionzoo.org/c/kpt

Github: https://github.com/errorcorrectionzoo/eczoo_data/edit/main/codes/quantum/qubits/holographic/kpt.yml.